Evidence of differential genetic introgression at multiple localities between Neotoma floridana and N. micropus
Keywords:
Differential introgression, hybridization, microsatellites, parapatry.Abstract
To determine the extent of genetic introgression along the parapatric border between Neotoma floridana and N. micropus, 140 woodrats were sampled from 21 localities in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, at varying distances from the proposed species boundaries. All individuals were examined at the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (Cytb) and two nuclear introns: intron seven of the Beta fibrinogen gene (Fgb-I7) and intron 2 of the vertebrate alcohol dehydrogenase gene (Adh1-I2). Additionally, individuals from a putative contact zone were genotyped using six microsatellite loci to better analyze population structure. Evidence of mixed ancestry was detected in 55 of 140 (39 %) individuals, at 10 of 21 (48 %) localities up to ~150 km from the proposed parapatric boundary. A pattern of differential admixture detected between the two nuclear markers suggested variation in selection pressures at the Adh1-I2 and Fgb-I7 markers is dependent upon the genomic makeup of the individual. Together, the mitochondrial and nuclear markers indicate evidence of historical hybridization and suggest that hybrid zones within this system are transient in nature.References
AMMAN, B. R., J. D. HANSON, L. K. LONGHOFER, S. R. HOOFER, AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2006. Intron 2 of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (Adh1-I2): a nuclear DNA marker for mammalian systematics. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University 256:1–16.
ANDERSON, E. C., AND E. A. THOMPSON. 2002. A model-based method for identifying species hybrids using multilocus genetic data. Genetics 160:1217–1229.
ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE. 1998. Guidelines for the capture, handling, and care of mammals as approved by the American Society of Mammalogists. Journal of Mammalogy 79:1416–1431.
BICKHAM, J. W., J. C. PATTON, D. A. SCHLITTER, I. L. RAUTENBACH, AND R. L. HONEYCUTT. 2004. Molecular phylogenetics, karyotypic diversity, and partition of the genus Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33:333–338.
BICKHAM, J. W., WOOD, C. C., AND J. C. PATTON. 1995. Biogeographic implications of cytochrome b sequences and allozymes in sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka). Journal of Heredity 86:140–144.
BIRNEY, E. C. 1973. Systematics of three species of woodrats (genus Neotoma) in central North America. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Natural History – University of Kansas Publications 58:1–173.
BIRNEY, E. C. 1976. An assessment of relationships and effects of interbreeding among woodrats of the Neotoma floridana species group. Journal of Mammalogy 57:103–132.
Blatchley, W. S. 1897. Indiana caves and their fauna. 21st Annual Reports of the Department of Geology and Natural Resources of Indiana for 1896. p. 177.
BRAUN, J. K., AND M. A. MARES. 1989. Neotoma micropus. Mammalian Species 330:1–9.
CARROLL, D. S., AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2005. Systematics of the genus Sigmodon: DNA sequences from Beta-Fibrinogen and Cytochrome b. Southwestern Naturalists 50:342–349.
CASTLEBERRY, S. B., T. L. KING, P. B. WOOD, AND W. M. FORD. 2000. Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) populations and cross-species amplification in the genus Neotoma. Molecular Ecology 9:817–829.
COPE, E. D. 1872. On the Wyandotte Cave and its fauna. Nature 6:406–422.
EARL, D. A., AND B. M. VON HOLDT. 2012. STRUCTURE HARVESTER: a website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method. Conservation Genetics Resources 4:359–361.
EDWARDS, C. W., AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2002. Molecular systematics of the genus Neotoma. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25:489–500.
ENDLER, J. A. 1977. Geographic variation, speciation, and clines. Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press, U.S.A.
ESHELMAN, R. E. 1971. The paleoecology of Willard Cave, Delaware County, Iowa. MS Thesis, University Iowa, Iowa City, U.S.A.
EVANNO, G., S. REGNAUT, AND J. GOUDET. 2005. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Molecular Ecology. 14:2611–2620.
HALL, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. 2nd vol. :John Wiley and Sons. New York, U.S.A.
HAYNIE, M. L., S. G. BENNETT, M. ROOD, B. HESS, C. F. FULHORST, AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2007. Genetic variation in multilocus microsatellite genotypes in two species of woodrats (Neotoma macrotis and N. fuscipes) from California. Journal of Mammalogy 88:745–758.
LONGHOFER, L. K., AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2006. Molecular systematics of the genus Neotoma based on DNA sequences from intron 2 of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene. Journal of Mammalogy 87:961–970.
MAULDIN, M. R., M. L. HAYNIE, J. D. HANSON, R. J. BAKER, AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2014. Multi-locus characterization of a woodrat (genus Neotoma) hybrid zone. Journal of Heredity 105:466-476.
MAULDIN, M. R., M. L. HAYNIE, S. C. VRLA, AND R. D. BRADLEY. 2021. Temporal evaluation of a woodrat (genus Neotoma) hybrid zone based on genotypic and georeferenced data. Journal of Mammalogy DOI:10.1093/jmammal/gyaa164
MCDONALD, J. H. 2009. Handbook of Biological Statistics (2nd ed.). Baltimore (MD) USA: Sparky House Publishing.
Moore, W. S. 1977. An evaluation of narrow hybrid zones in vertebrates. The Quarterly Review of Biology 52:263-277.
PATTERSON, B. D., G. CEBALLOS, W. SECHREST, M. F. TOGNELLI, T. BROOKS, L. LUNA, P. ORTEGA, I. SALAZAR, AND B. E. YOUNG. 2007. Digital distribution maps of the mammals of the western hemisphere, version 3.0. NatureServe, Arlington. Virginia, U.S.A.
PEAKALL, R., AND P. E. SMOUSE. 2012. GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research – an update. Bioinformatics 28:2537–2539.
PRITCHARD, J. K., M. STEPHENS, AND P. DONNELLY. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155:945–959.
PRYCHITKO, T. M., AND W. S. MOORE. 2000. Comparative evolution of the mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene and nuclear b-Fibrinogen intron 7 in Woodpeckers. Molecular Biology and Evolution 17:1101–1111.
RICHARDS, R. L. 2013. Quaternary distribution of the eastern woodrat, Neotoma floridana, in Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 96:513–521.
SCHMIDLY, D. J. 2004. The Mammals of Texas. University of Texas Press. Austin, U.S.A.
SPENCER, D. L. 1968. Sympatry and hybridization of the eastern and southern plains wood rats. Unpub. PhD thesis. Stillwater (OK): Oklahoma State University.
STANGL, F. B. JR., W. W. DALQUEST, AND R. J. BAKER. 1992. Mammals of southwestern Oklahoma. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Texas Tech University 151:1–47.
TEAM, RDC. 2008. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Retrieved from http://www.r-project.org
VAN DEN BUSSCHE, R. A., R. K. CHESSER, M. J. HAMILTON, R. D. BRADLEY, C. A.PORTER, AND R. J. BAKER. 1993. Maintenance of a narrow hybrid zone in Peromyscus leucopus: a test of alternative models. Journal of Mammalogy 74:832–845.
WICKLIFFE, J. K., F. G. HOFFMAN, D. S. CARROLL, Y. V. DUNINA-BARKOVSKAYA, R. D. BRADLEY, AND R. J. BAKER. 2003. PCR and sequencing primers for intron 7 (Fgb-I7) of the fibrinogen, B beta polypeptide (Fgb) in mammals: a novel nuclear DNA marker. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Texas Tech University 219:1–6.
WILEY R. W. 1980. Neotoma floridana. Mammalian Species 139:1–7.
WRIGHT M. E. 1973. Analysis of habitats of two woodrats in southern New Mexico. Journal of Mammalogy 54:529–535.
Published
Issue
Section
License
THERYA is based on its open access policy allowing free download of the complete contents of the magazine in digital format. It also authorizes the author to place the article in the format published by the magazine on your personal website, or in an open access repository, distribute copies of the article published in electronic or printed format that the author deems appropriate, and reuse part or whole article in own articles or future books, giving the corresponding credits.
