Potential distribution of Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum in Colombia and new record
Keywords:
Chiroptera, distribution, geographic range, tropical dry forest, rare speciesAbstract
The visored bat, Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters, 1882, is a species listed as Data Deficient by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, being considered rare throughout its geographical range due to the small number of specimens recorded. This study reports a new record that broadens the distribution range of the species in Colombia to the central mountain range and upper valley of the Magdalena river. One adult male of S. toxophyllum was captured after a sampling effort of 3,870 net-hours over 36 nights in the Andean region, at the upper valley of the Magdalena river, Department of Tolima, Colombia. Its diet was analyzed and a model for Colombia was built. The morphometric analysis of the specimen captured yielded values lower than those previously reported for Colombia. The analysis of stomach contents identified two floristic elements as part of its diet, corroborating the frugivorous feeding habits of this species. Separately, the application of species distribution modeling techniques established that S. toxophyllum has a potential geographic range that continues north of the Chocó-Magdalena province and west of the Orinoco and Guayana biogeographical provinces of Colombia. Based on these data, we propose that the extended distribution range reported here may be associated with a current connection between these geographical provinces.References
ALBUJA, V. L., AND P. V. MENA. 1991. Adición de dos especies de quirópteros a la fauna del Ecuador. Politécnica 16:93-98.
ANDERSON, S. 1997. Mammals of Bolivia, Taxonomy and Distribution. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 231:652.
ANGULO, S. R., J. A. RÍOS, AND M. M. DÍAZ. 2008. Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Mammalian Species 814:1-6.
CORPORACIÓN AUTÓNOMA REGIONAL DEL TOLIMA (CORTOLIMA). 2007. Planes de Ordenamiento y manejo de las cuencas hidrográficas. Ibagué, Colombia.
CUERVO-DÍAZ, C. A., J. HERNÁNDEZ, AND A. CADENA. 1986. Lista actualizada de los mamíferos de Colombia: anotaciones sobre su distribución. Caldasia 15:471-501.
DIETZ, C., O. VON HELVERSEN, AND D. NILL. 2009. Bats of Britain, Europe & Northerwest Africa. A&C Black. London.
EMMONS, L. H., AND F. FEER. 1990. Neotropical Rainforest Mammals: A field guide. The University of Chicago Press. Chicago, U. S. A.
EMMONS, L. H., AND F. FEER. 1997. Neotropical Rainforest Mammals, a Field Guide. 2da edition. The University of Chicago Press. Chicago, U. S. A.
GALLARDO, A. O., L. PEÑA, O. ARMESTO, AND J. SEQUEDA. 2014. First record of Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters, 1882 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) for the Department of Boyacá, Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. Check List 10:97-699.
GARDNER, A. L. 2008. Tribe Stenodermatini. Pp. 361-363 in Mammals of South America Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats (Gardner A. L. ed.). The University of Chicago Press. Chicago, U. S. A.
GUISAN, A., AND W. THUILLER. 2005. Predicting species distribution: offering more than simple habitat models. Ecology Letters 8:993-1009
HANDLEY, C.O. 1976. Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin. Biological Series 20:1-91.
HERNÁNDEZ-CAMACHO, J., T. WALSCHBURGUER, R. ORTIZ, AND A. HURTADO. 1992. Origen y distribución de la biota suramericana y colombiana. Pp. 55-104 in La diversidad biológica de Iberoamérica I (Halffer, G. ed.). Acta Zoológica Mexicana. Volumen especial. CYTED-D. Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo. México.
HUSSON, A. M. 1958. Notes on the neotropical leaf-nosed bat Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters. Archives Neerlandaises de Zoologie 13:114-119.
JARVIS, A., K. WILLIAMS, D. WILLIAMS, L. GUARINO, P. J. CABALLERO, AND G. MOTTRAM. 2005. Use of GIS for optimizing a collecting mission for a rare wild pepper (Capsicum flexuosum Sendtn) in Paraguay. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 2:671-682.
KOOPMAN, K. F. 1976. Zoogeografía. Pp. 39-47 in Biology of bats of the New World Family Phyllostomidae (Baker, R. J., J. K. Jones, J r., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University 10:1-218.
KUNZ, T.H. 1996. Methods of marking bats. Pp. 304-310 in Measuring and monitoring biological diversity standard methods for mammals. Smithsonian Institution (Wilson, D. E. J. Nichols, R. Rudrin, R. Cole, and M. Foster, eds.). Washington, U. S. A.
MONTENEGRO, O., AND M. R. ROMERO. 1999. Murciélagos del sector sur de la Serranía de Chiribiquete, Caquetá, Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias 23:641-649.
MUÑOZ, J. 2001. Los murciélagos de Colombia. Sistemática, distribución, historia natural y ecología. Editorial Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia.
PERACCHI, A. L. 1986. Considerações sobre a distribuição e a localidade-tipo de Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters,1882 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Publicacoes Avulsas Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro 65:97-100.
PICCININI, R. S. 1974. Lista provisoria dos quirópteros da Coleção do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Chiroptera). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 77:1-32.
REHN, J. A. 1901. Notes on Chiroptera. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1900:755-759.
RODRÍGUEZ, M. E., AND C. A. GONZÁLEZ. 2012. El Murciélago de Visera Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters, 1882 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) en Colombia. Chiroptera Neotropical 18:1115-1122.
SANBORN, C. C. 1941. Descriptions and records on Neotropical bats. Field Museum of Natural History 27:321-387.
SIKES, R. S., W. H. GANNON, AND THE ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MAMMALOGISTS. 2011. Guidelines of the American Society of Mammalogists for the use of wild mammals in research and education. Journal of Mammalogy 97:663-688.
SIMMONS, N. B., AND R. S. VOSS. 1998. The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 237:1-219.
SOLARI, S., E. VIVAR, J. J. RODRÍGUEZ, AND J. L. MENA. 1998. Pequeños mamíferos: evaluación de la biodiversidad en la región baja de Urubamba. Pp. 209-218 in Evaluación de la biodiversidad y monitoreo de la región baja de Urubamba, Perú: sitio de pozo Cashiriari-3 y los ríos Camisea y Urubamba (Alonso, A., and F. Dallmeier, eds.). Serie SI / SIMAB # 2, Institución Smithsonian, Programa de Biodiversidad del MAB, Washington, DC.
SOLARI, S., Y. MUÑOZ-SABA, J. V. RODRÍGUEZ-MAHECHA, T. R. DEFLER, H. E. RAMÍREZ-CHAVES, AND F. TRUJILLO. 2013. Riqueza, endemismo y conservación de los mamíferos de Colombia. Mastozoología Neotropical 20:301-365.
THOMAS, O. 1898. On seven new small mammals from Ecuador and Venezuela. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7:451-57.
UICN. 2018. Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T20599A9213038. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2018.
Published
Issue
Section
License
THERYA is based on its open access policy allowing free download of the complete contents of the magazine in digital format. It also authorizes the author to place the article in the format published by the magazine on your personal website, or in an open access repository, distribute copies of the article published in electronic or printed format that the author deems appropriate, and reuse part or whole article in own articles or future books, giving the corresponding credits.
