Biological observations and first stranding record of Mesoplodon peruvianus from the central Pacific coast of Oaxaca, Mexico
Keywords:
Cetaceans, Ziphiidae, sightings, necropsy, ZicatelaAbstract
The knowledge of Mesoplodon peruvianus species about its distribution and ecology is limited, because the range of the species is unknown. Mainly due to their inconspicuous behaviour. A survey was conducted from November 2014 to January 2015 along a near 80 km long transect in the central coast of Oaxaca. Additionally, based on an stranded individual at Zicatela beach, we measured it and performed a necropsy to report the probable cause of stranding. Two individuals of M. peruvianus species were observed on December 5, 2014 at about 9.3 km from the coast at 12:45 local time. The identification was clearly positive because of the black and white large individual, with an estimated size of 4 m. This is the first record of M. peruvianus in the area. On March second 2016, a carcass of a male of M. peruvianus was found stranded at Zicatela beach; was classified as scale 2 stranded individual (freshly dead). Our main pathological findings were related with the respiratory and the digestive systems. The thoracic cavity arose out of air suggesting a pneumothorax; lungs were collapsed and to the touch showed a consistency of atelectasis. In total, 18 marine mammal species have been recorded for the state of Oaxaca, this study adds a new record, confirming the presence of M. peruvianus and its distribution in the region. The collapsed lungs of the stranded individual, probably resulted from an apnea state, were related with dysbarism. In Mexico no exist the practice of necropsies in wild marine mammals, therefore, our work contributes to gather relevant information on the health of marine mammals and the threats they face.References
Aurioles-Gamboa, D., and J. Urbán-Ramírez. 1993. Sexual dimorphism in the skull of the Pygmy beaked whale (Mesoplodon peruvianus). Revista de Investigación Científica 1:39-52.
Bastida-Zavala, R., S. García-Madrigal, E. F. Rosas-Alquicira, R. A. López-Pérez, F. Benítez-Villalobos, J. Meraz, A. M. Torres-Huerta, A. Montoya-Márquez, and N. Barrientos-Luján. 2013. Marine and coastal biodiversity of Oaxaca, Mexico. Check-List 9:329-390.
Binyy, R. L., and L. W. Schockley. 2014. Scuba diving and dysbarism. Pp. 1915-1927, in Rosen´s emergency medicine. Concepts and clinical practices (Marx, J. A., R. S. Hockberger, and R. M. alls, eds.). Elsevier Saunder Inc. Philadelphia, U. S. A.
Carwardine, M. 1995. Whales, dolphins and porpoises. Eyewitness handbooks, Dorling Kindersley. London, United Kindom.
Castillejos-Moguel, F., and F, Villegas-Zurita. 2013. Primer registro de Delphinus delphis (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla) en la costa de Oaxaca, México. Ciencia y Mar 44:35-39.
Ceballos, G., J. Arroyo-Cabrales, R. Medellín, and Y. Dominguez-Castellanos. 2005. Lista actualizada de los mamíferos de México. Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología 9:21-71.
Dalebout, M. L., D. Steel, and C. S. Baker. 2008. Phylogeny of the beaked whale genus Mesoplodon (Ziphiidae: Cetacea) revealed by nuclear introns: Implications for the evolution of male tusks. Systematic Biology 57:857-875.
Gallo-Reynoso, J. P., and E. M. Hoyos-Padilla. 2015. First stranding record of a Cuvier beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) at Isla Guadalupe, Mexico. Therya 6:329-336.
Hernández-Guillen, J. J. 2016. Riqueza, incidencia y distribución espacio-temporal de varamientos de mamíferos marinos en la costa de Oaxaca, México, durante el periodo 2001-2014. Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad del Mar. Puerto Ángel, México.
Jefferson, T. A., and S. Leatherwood. 1995. Mamíferos Marinos. Pp. 1669-1745, in Pacífico Centro Oriental. Guía FAO para la identificación de especies para los fines de pesca (Fischer W., F. Krupp, C. Sommer, K. E. Carpenter, and V. H. Niem, eds.). FAO, EC, FIS, NORAD. Rome, Italy.
Klinowska, M. 1985. Interpretation of the UK cetacean strandings records. Internal Report of Whale Community 35:459-467.
Leatherwood, S., R. R. Reeves, W. F. Perrin, and W. E. Evans. 1982. Whales, dolphins and porpoises of the eastern North Pacific and adjacent waters: a guide to their identification. NOAA Technical Report, MFS Circular 444: 1-245.
Lira-Torres, I. 2007. Nuevo registro de Balaenoptera musculus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mysticeti: Balaenopteridae) para la costa de Oaxaca, México. Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología 11:69-72.
McLeod, C. D. 2000. Species recognition as a possible function for variations in position and shape of the sexually dimorphic tusks of Mesoplodon beaked whales. Evolution 54: 2171-2173.
MacLeod, C., W. Perrin, R. Pitman, J. Barlow, L. D. Balance, A. Ámico, T. Gerrodette, G. Joyce, K. D. Mullin, D. L. Palka, and G. T. Waring. 2006. Known and inferred distributions of beaked whale species (Cetacea: Ziphiidae). Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 7:271-286.
Mead, J. G. 1989. Beaked whales of the genus Mesoplodon. Pp. 349-430 in Handbokk of marine mammals (Ridgway, S. H., and R. Harrison, eds.). Academic Press. London, United Kindom.
Meraz, J. y V. Sánchez-Díaz. 2001. Registro de depredación sobre Dermochelys coriacea, en las costas de Oaxaca, por Orcinus orca. Ciencia y Mar 14:51-54.
Meraz, J. 2003. Presencia de un ejemplar de lobo marino Zalophus californianus, en la costa de Oaxaca. Ciencia y Mar 21:50-53.
Meraz, J. 2007. Varamiento de un ejemplar de la estenela giradora Stenella longirostris (Gray, 1828) en Oaxaca, México. Ciencia y Mar 32:79-80.
Meraz, J., and F. Becerril-Morales. 2004. Reporte de un ejemplar varado de Pseudorca crassidens en Zipolite, Oaxaca, México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la UNAM, Serie Zoología 71:229-235.
Meraz, J., and V. Sánchez-Díaz. 2008. Los mamíferos marinos en la costa central de Oaxaca. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 79:143-151.
Moore, J. C. 1968. Relationships among the living genera of beaked whales, with classification, diagnoses and keys. Fieldiana Zoology 53:206-298.
Nagorsen, D. W., and R. K. Peterson. 1980. Mammal collector´s manual. A guide for collecting, documenting, and preparing mammals specimens for scientific research. Royal Ontario Museum Life Science Miscellaneous, Cornel University Press. Ontario, Canada.
Norman, S. A., C. E. Bowlby, M. S. Brancato, J. Calambokidis, D. Duffield, P. J. Gearin, T. A. Gornall, M. E. Gosho, B. Hanson, J. Hodder, S. J. Jeffries, B. Lagerquist, D. M. Lambourn, B. Mate, B. Norberg. R. W. Osborne, J. A. Rash, S. Riemer, and J. Scordino. 2004. Cetacean strandings in Oregon and Washington between 1930 and 2002. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 6:87-99.
Pacheco-Sandoval, P. 1991. Oceanografía física. Pp. 151-176, in Oceanografía de los mares mexicanos (de la lanza-Espino, G. ed.). AGT. Ciudad de México, México.
Pitman, R. L., A. Aguayo, and J. Urbán. 1987. Observations of an unidentified beaked whale (Mesoplodon sp) in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Marine Mammal Science 3:345-352.
Pitman, R. L., D. W. K. Au, M. Scott, and J. M. Scott. 1988. Observations of beaked whales (Ziphiidae) from the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. Paper SC/40/SM/14 – Scientific Comitee of the IWC Annual Meeting.
Pitman, R. L., and M. S. Lynn. 2001. Biological observations of an unidentified mesoplodont whale in the eastern tropical Pacific and probable identity Mesoplodon peruvianus. Marine Mammal Science 17:648-657.
Raverty, S. A., J. K. Gaydos y J. A. Leger. 2014. Killer whale necropsy and disease testing protocol. Technical Report, NOAA/NMFS/PIRO. U. S. A
Reeves, R. R., S. S. Brent, P. J. Clapham, J. A. Powel, and P. A. Folkens. 2002. National audubon society guide to marine mammals of the world. Chanticleer Press, New Yok.
Reyes, J. C., J. G. Mead, and K. van Waerebeek. 1991. A new species of beaked whale Mesoplodon peruvianus sp. N. (cetacean: Ziphiidae) from Peru. Marine Mammal Science 7:1-24.
Reyes, J. C., K. van Waerebeek, J. C. Cárdenas, and J. L. Yáñez. 1995. Mesoplodon bahamondi sp. n. (Cetacea, Ziphiidae), a new living beaked whale from the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile. Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile 45:31-44.
Rice, D. W. 1998. Marine mammals of the world. Systematic and distribution. Special Publication No. 4. The Society for Marine Mammalogy. Allen Press. Lawrences, U. S. A.
Rodríguez-Fonseca, J. 2001. Diversidad y distribución de los cetáceos de Costa Rica (Cetacea: Delphinidae, Physeteridae, Ziphiidae y Balaenopteridae). Revista de Biologia Tropical 49:135-143.
Roe, W. D. 2010. Necropsy of marine mammals captures in New Zealand fisheries in the 2008-09 fishing year. New Zealand Aquatic and Biodiversity Report 47:1-22.
Rowles, T. K., M. Frances, and A. Hohn. 2001. Gross necropsy and specimen collection protocols. Pp. 449-470, in CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine (Dierauf, L. A., and F. M. Gulland, eds). CRC Press. Boca Raton, U. S. A.
Sanino, G. P., J. L. Yañez, and K. van Waerebeek. 2007. A first confirmed specimen record in Chile, and sightings attributed to the lesser beaked whale Mesoplodon peruvianus Reyes, Mead and van Waerebeek, 1991. Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile 56:89-96.
Urbán-Ramírez, J., and D. Aurioles-Gamboa. 1992. First record of the pigmy beaked whale Mesoplodon peruvianus in the North Pacific. Marine Mammal Science 8:420-425.
van Helden, A. L., A. N. Baker, M. L. Dalebout, J. C. Reyes, K. Van Waerebeek, and C. S. Baker. 2002. Resurrection of Mesoplodon traversii (Gray, 1874), senior synonym of M. bahamondi Reyes, Van Waerebeek, Cárdenas and Yañez, 1995 (Cetecea: Ziphiidae). Marine Mammals Science 18: 609-621.
Vázquez-Gutiérrez, F., S. López, A. Ramírez, M. Turner, F. Castillo, and A. Valdés. 1998. La química del agua. Pp. 35-50, in El golfo de Tehuantepec: el ecosistema y sus recursos (Tapia-García, ed.). Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Ciudad de México, México.
Villegas-Zurita, F. 2015. Primer registro de Steno bredanensis (Cetartiodactyla: Delphinidae) en la costa de Oaxaca, México. Therya 6:483-488.
Villegas-Zurita, F., F. Castillejos-Moguel, and F. R. Elorriaga-Verplancken. 2015. Southernmost presence of the Guadalupe fur seal (Arctocephalus townsendi) in the Mexican South Pacific. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 86:1107-1109.
Villegas-Zurita, F., F. R. Elorriaga-Verplancken, and F. Castillejos-Moguel. 2016. First report of a SouthAmerica fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) in Mexico. Aquatic Mammals 42:42-46.
Waltzek, T. B., G. Cortés-Hinojosa, J. F. X. Wellehan, and G. C. Gray. 2012. Marine mammal zoonoses: A review of disease manifestations. Zoonoses and Public Health 59:521-535
Published
Issue
Section
License
THERYA is based on its open access policy allowing free download of the complete contents of the magazine in digital format. It also authorizes the author to place the article in the format published by the magazine on your personal website, or in an open access repository, distribute copies of the article published in electronic or printed format that the author deems appropriate, and reuse part or whole article in own articles or future books, giving the corresponding credits.
